Te mōhiohanga IP Rating he mea matua te mātauranga i ngā rārangi kia whiriwhiri i ngā hua pūmau i ngā whakamātau tāwhai, ngā whakamātau tauhokohoko, me ngā whakamātau mātāwaka. He ara oti ngā rārangi IP hei whakamārama i te aha o te whakamātautau o ngā taputapu i ngā āhua pūpū me ngā āhua wai. Ahakoa he aha ngā taputapu e whiriwhiri ana koe—ngā rākau whakamātautau, ngā pouaka, ngā kaitiaki, i ngā taputapu mō waho—ka taea e koe te whiriwhiri i ngā hua e ora ana i ngā taumata e whakamāhinga ana, kāore he whakamāhinga tuatahi, kāore hoki he whakamāhinga i te haumārire.
Ko te rākau whakamātautau pūnaha whakauru kua whakamānuitia e te International Electrotechnical Commission hei whakamārama i tēnei āhua o te whakamātautau mō ngā taputapu. Ko tēnei kōhanga IP he rārangi o ngā reta 'IP' i whai ai ngā tau e rua, i āki ai he tau me te reta 'X'. Ko te tuatahi o ngā tau he tohu mō te whakamātautau ki ngā mea pū, ko te tuarua he tohu mō te whakamātautau ki ngā wai. Mā te mātauranga i ēnei āhua e rua, ka taea e ngā ingineer, ngā kaimātātari hokohoko, me ngā kaiwhakamāhi i te whakamāhi i ngā whakamātautau mō te whakamāhi i ngā taputapu i runga i ō rātou whāinga ā-hāpaitanga me ngā rāhui moni.
Te whakamārama i te rārangi o te kōhanga IP
Te tuatahi o ngā tau: Te whakamātautau ki ngā mea pū
Ko te mati tuatahi i tēnei rārangi o ngā kōwhiringa IP e whakamārama ana i te whakamāmātanga ki ngā āhua pū, tae atu hoki ki te mākū. Ko te rārangi IP 0 he whakamāmātanga kore ki ngā āhua pū. Ko te rārangi IP 1 he whakamāmātanga ki ngā āhua nui ake i te 50 mitamita, pērā i te whakamātau o te ringa. I te hāere ake i tēnei rārangi, ko te IP 2 he whakamāmātanga ki ngā āhua nui ake i te 12 mitamita, ā, ko te IP 3 he whakamāmātanga ki ngā āhua nui ake i te 2.5 mitamita, pērā i ngā kōwhiringa, ngā taputapu iti rānei.
Ko te IP 4 he whakamāmātanga ki ngā āhua nui ake i te 1 mitamita, ā, ko tēnei e whakauru ana i te nuinga o ngā pārāoa mākū me ngā kōpū. Ko te IP 5 he whakamāmātanga ki te uru o ngā pārāoa, ā, āhua iti anō ngā pārāoa e uru mai ana, engari kāore pea i te whakamāhupe i te mahinga. Ko te rārangi teitei, ko te IP 6, he whakamāmātanga katoa ki te uru o ngā pārāoa, kāore he uru o ngā pārāoa i tēnei. Mō ngā wāhi tāwhai hāngā, ngā whare whakamātautau, me ngā whakamātautau wāhi tūtahi e whakamāhupe ana i te kōpū, i te pārāoa o te hīnaki, i te pārāoa o te metāl, he tino pūmau te whakamāmātanga o te mati tuatahi hei whakamāmātanga mō te roa o ngā taputapu.
Te Tuarua o ngā Mati: Te Tiaki i te Wai
Ko te tuarua o ngā mati i te pūkenga whakauru, e 0 ki te 8, ā, he whakamārama i te whakamāmā ki te wai. Ko tēnei rārangi IP, i te tuarua o ngā mati ko te 0, kāore he tiaki i te uru mai o ngā wai. I te huringa ki te IP 1, he tiaki i ngā pāpātanga wai e rere ana mai i te tāwhai. Ko te IP 2 he tiaki i te wai e rere ana mai i te 15 degrees mai i te tāwhai, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā wāhi o waho e iti noa ngā whakamāmā.
Ko ngā rārangi IP 3 me IP 4 e whakarere ana i te tiaki i ngā āhua ua, ko IP 4 he tiaki i ngā wai e pātai ana mai i ngā tōpito katoa. Ko IP 5 he tiaki i ngā wai e whakamātautia ana mai i tēnei taputapu, ā, kāore ngā wai e uru mai ki roto o te whakamātautanga. Ko IP 6 he tiaki i ngā wai e whakamātautia ana i ngā kaha mātua, ā, he whakamātautanga pūmau hoki. Ko IP 7 e whakaaetia ana te whakamātautanga pūmau i te wai i te hāwha kotahi mita i te wā o te 30 meneti, ā, ko IP 8 e whakaaetia ana te whakamātautanga pūmau i te wai i rāwaho i te hāwha kotahi mita. Mō ngā rākau whakamātautanga i waho, ngā taputapu mō ngā awa wai, me ngā whakamātautanga moana, ko ngā rārangi whakamātautanga kia kaha ki te wai me ngā papa tuarua matua hei whakamātautanga pai i ngā āhua wai.
Ngā Rārangi Tātai IP Māmā i ngā Mahi Tāwhai
Ngā Rārangi Tātai me ngā Whakamātautanga i te Ao Tārai
He maha ngā paerewa waehere IP e rangatira ana i ngā mākete ahumahi me te hokohoko nā te ōritetanga o te tiaki me te whai hua o te utu. Ko te IP54 tētahi o ngā whakatauranga tino noa mō ngā whare ahumahi o waho, mīhini, me ngā taputapu e mōhiotia ana ki te puehu me te pupuhi. E whakapumautia ana e tēnei tohu he iti te uru o te puehu me te tiaki ki te wai e takai mai ana i ngā aronga katoa, e tika ana mō ngā papa hanga, ngā paepae hiko i roto i ngā wheketere, me ngā teihana whakahaere o waho.
IP65 whakarato ana i te puehu-kore me te wai-aukati tiaki, hanga reira pai mō te taputapu tukatuka kai, taiao horoi, me ngā taputapu waho e titau horoi auau ki ngongo. Ka taea e te IP67 te ruku mo te wa poto, a, he maha nga wa e tohua ana mo te rama o raro o te wai, nga papu ruku, me nga taputapu e whakauruhia ana i nga waahi e kaha ana ki te waipuke. IP68, te whakatauranga mahi tino nui mō te maha o ngā tono, ka āhei te ruku tonu, ā, he mea nui mō te rama kaukau, ngā taputapu pūoko moana, me ngā pūnaha putorino ruku. Ko te māramatanga o ēnei kōwhiringa whakarōpūtanga tiaki uru paerewa e āwhina ana i ngā rōpū hoko ki te whakataurite i ngā whakaritenga tiaki ki ngā here pūtea me te wātea.
Ngā Tuhipoka Motuhake me ngā Whakaaro Tāpiri
Ēnei āhuatanga o ngā kōde IP e whakamāhinga ana i te reta 'X' hei wāhi tāwhai i te wāhi e kore nei he whāinga, i te wāhi e kore nei i whakamātua. He tauira, ko IP5X te whakamārama i te hāngai o te hua ki ngā pūpū, engari kāore i tātai ngā whāinga o te wai. Ko ngā reta anō e muri mai i ngā mati e rua he whakamārama i ngā rārangi o te whakamāmātanga, pērā i te 'A' hei whakamārama i te uru mai iti ake ki te muri o te ringaringa, te 'B' hei whakamārama i te uru mai iti ake ki te mātāwae, me te 'D' hei whakamārama i te uru mai iti ake ki te kōwhai. Ko ēnei whakamārama anō he whakamārama pūmau mō ngā whakamātautau pūtaiao e hāngai ana ki ngā whāinga o te whakamāmātanga i te wāhi e hāngai ana ki te taiao.
Te Whiriwhiri i te Rārangi IP Tika mō tōu Whakamātautau
Te Tātai i te Taiao me te Whakamārama i ngā Whāinga o te Whakamāmātanga
Ko te tīpakonga o tētahi tohu IP tika ka tīmata ki te tātari āta i te taiao mahi o te taputapu. Whakaarohia mēnā ka puta te hua ki te puehu, te makuku, te ua, te wai, te whakaū rānei. Ko te rama rama o waho LED mo te whakamarama whakairoiro i nga rohe takutai makuku e hiahia ana kia kaha ake te tiaki wai i te mea kotahi e whakamahia ana i roto i te whare putunga maroke. Me ōrite ngā tohu ārai puehu ārai wai ki te kaha me te auau o ngā taumahatanga taiao hei karo i te hapa wawe, hei whakarite hoki i te whakatutukitanga o te haumaru.
Ko ngā tāone hāpaiti e whai ana i ngā tikanga whakamātautau pākihi kaha e hiahiatia ana ngā whakamātautau IP i te rārangi IP65, a, he aha ake. Ko ngā wāhi whakamātautau kai, ngā rūma whakamātautau o te mātua, me ngā pākihi matūtū e hiahiatia ana te tiaki i te pūpū me te whakamātautau i te wai. Ko ngā wāhi kōkiri me ngā wāhi hanga e whakamātautau ana i ngā taputapu ki te pūpū e tāwhai ana, ā, he wāhi anō hoki e whakamātautau ana i te wai, nā reira ko te IP54 te iti noa hei whakamātautau. Mā te whakamātautau i te whakamātautau o te whakamātautau i ngā āhuatanga o te taiao, ka taea e ngā ingineer te whakakore i te whakamātautau kaha kia kāore ai i te whakamātautau kia kāore ai i te utu, ā, kia kāore ai hoki i te whakamātautau iti kia kāore ai i ngā hinga me ngā wā kāore ai i te whakamātautau.
Ngā whakawhitinga o te utu me te painga
Ko te utu IP teitei ake ka piki ake te utu o te hua na te mea he rauemi taatiraa taapiri, he taatai, he tika te hanga. He nui ake te utu o tētahi whare kua whakatauhia ki te IP68 i te ōrite ki te IP54 nā te mea ko ngā whakatauranga wai-a-wai-pōkākā i ngā taumata teitei ake e hiahiatia ana he hiri hermetic me ngā tukanga whakaminenga motuhake. Heoi anō, ko te kore o te mahi i mua i te wā nā te kore e tika te tiaki, he nui ake te utu i te whakakapi, te mahi, te wā kore mahi, me ngā raruraru haumaru. Ko te matua o ngā whakataunga tuku tika ko te whakarite kia tino whakaata te taumata whakarōpū tiaki uru i ngā hiahia tūturu o te tono, kaua ki te whiriwhiri i te whakatauranga teitei rawa e wātea ana i te taunoa.
FAQ
He aha te tikanga o te IP68 ki te IP67?
Ko te IP67 he whakaaetanga mo te whakamātō i te wai pēnei i te 1 mita i te wā iti o te 30 meneti, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā whakamātō iti. Ko te IP68 he whakaaetanga mō ngā whakamātō tonu i te wai i raro i te 1 mita, i ngā hāpua e tātai ai te kaitāwhai, ā, he pai hoki mō ngā mahi i raro i te wai i tēnei wā, pērā i ngā rākau hikoi i ngā awa. Ko ngā whakaaetanga ēnei e rua he kaha ki te pūpū, engari ko te rerekētanga matua i waenganui i ānei ko te roa o te whakamātō me ngā hāpua.
He whakaaetanga a IP65 mō ngā taputapu i tēnei awa hikoi?
Ko te IP65 he whakaaetanga kia kaha ki te pūpū me ngā hau wai, engari kāore i whakaaetia mō te whakamātō. Mō ngā taputapu e tika ana kia whakamātō, i tēnei wā, i ngā wā maha e whakamātō ana i te wai tu, he tika kia whakamāhinga ngā whakaaetanga IP67, IP68. Mēnā ka whakamahinga ngā taputapu IP65 i tēnei awa hikoi, he rereke te whakamāhinga o te wai ki roto i te whakamāhinga, ā, he rereke hoki te whakamāhinga o ngā pānga hiko, i te hinga o ngā taputapu.
Pehea te whakamātautau i te whakaaetanga IP o tēnei hua?
Ko ngā tiwhikete paerewa waehere IP tika e hāngai ana ki ngā whakamātautau e ai ki ngā paerewa IEC 60529 e ngā taiwhanga kua whakamanahia. Tonoa ngā pūrongo whakamātautau, ngā tiwhikete rānei i ngā kaiwhakarato, me te tirotiro kei te whakamanahia te whakarōpūtanga tiaki uru ki runga i te tuhinga hua me te tapanga. Ka whakaratohia e ngā kaiwhakanao whai mana ngā raraunga whakamātautau taipitopito e whakaatu ana i ngā āhuatanga pēhanga, te hohonu o te ruku, me te roa o te wā i whakamanahia ai ngā tohu ārai puehu ārai wai.
EN
